(龙饮西湖) 第三单元 商业谈判英语
[table=98%][tr][td=4,1,557][align=left][b][size=4]第三单元 商业谈判英语[/size][/b][/align][/td][/tr][tr][td=1,1,143][color=#0000ff]买卖过招第一回[/color][/td][td=1,1,135][color=#0000ff]你来我往价格战[/color][/td][td=1,1,145][color=#0000ff]把手言欢定合约[/color][/td][td=1,1,134][color=#0000ff]远来贵宾谈代工[/color][/td][/tr][tr][td=1,1,143][color=#0000ff]谈判得失细思量[/color][/td][td=1,1,135][color=#0000ff]技术转移互得利[/color][/td][td=1,1,145][color=#0000ff]争取产品代理权[/color][/td][td=1,1,134][color=#0000ff]先决条件谈得拢[/color][/td][/tr][tr][td=1,1,143][color=#0000ff]期限佣金好商量[/color][/td][td=1,1,135][color=#0000ff]运筹帷幄转颓势[/color][/td][td=1,1,145][color=#0000ff]进退分寸拿得准[/color][/td][td=1,1,134][color=#0000ff]二分天下谈行销[/color][/td][/tr][/table]国际商务英语教程(龙饮西湖)
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[url=http://www.englishpub.cn/viewthread.php?tid=2570&extra=page%3D1][size=2][color=#000000]国际商务英语教程(龙饮西湖) : 第一单元 对公众说话[/color][/size][/url][size=2] [/size]
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[url=http://www.englishpub.cn/viewthread.php?tid=2571&extra=page%3D1][size=2][color=#000000]国际商务英语教程(龙饮西湖) : 第二单元 用英语开会[/color][/size][/url]
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[url=http://www.englishpub.cn/viewthread.php?tid=2572&extra=page%3D1][size=2][color=#000000](龙饮西湖) 第三单元 商业谈判英语[/color][/size][/url][size=2] [/size]
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[url=http://www.englishpub.cn/viewthread.php?tid=2579&extra=page%3D1][size=2][color=#000000]国际商务英语教程(龙饮西湖) : 第四单元 洽谈国际贸易[/color][/size][/url][size=2] [url=http://www.englishpub.cn/viewthread.php?tid=2579&extra=page%3D1&page=1][color=#000000]1[/color][/url] [url=http://www.englishpub.cn/viewthread.php?tid=2579&extra=page%3D1&page=2][color=#000000]2[/color][/url] [/size]
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[url=http://www.englishpub.cn/viewthread.php?tid=2573&extra=page%3D1][size=2][color=#000000]国际商务英语教程(龙饮西湖) : 第五单元 国际商业礼仪[/color][/size][/url][size=2] [/size]
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[url=http://www.englishpub.cn/viewthread.php?tid=2574&extra=page%3D1][size=2][color=#000000]国际商务英语教程(龙饮西湖) : 第六单元 参加国际商展[/color][/size][/url][size=2] [/size]
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[url=http://www.englishpub.cn/viewthread.php?tid=2575&extra=page%3D1][size=2][color=#000000]国际商务英语教程(龙饮西湖) : 第七单元 接待外国商旅[/color][/size][/url][size=2] [/size]
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[url=http://www.englishpub.cn/viewthread.php?tid=2576&extra=page%3D1][size=2][color=#000000]国际商务英语教程(龙饮西湖) : 第八单元 用英语做简报[/color][/size][/url][size=2] [/size]
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[url=http://www.englishpub.cn/viewthread.php?tid=2577&extra=page%3D1][size=2][color=#000000]国际商务英语教程(龙饮西湖) : 第九单元 接听电话英语[/color][/size][/url][size=2] [/size]
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[url=http://www.englishpub.cn/viewthread.php?tid=2578&extra=page%3D1][size=2][color=#000000]国际商务英语教程(龙饮西湖) : 第十单元 海关商务旅游[/color][/size][/url][size=2] [/size]
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(龙饮西湖) 买卖过招第一回 Buy and Sell
[size=9pt]Dan Smith是一位美国的健身用品经销商,此次是Robert第一回与他交手。就在短短几分钟的交谈中,Robert即感到这位大汉粗犷的外表下,藏有狡黠如脱兔的心思--他肯定是名沙场老将,自己绝不可掉以轻心。双方第一回过招如下:[table=300][tr][td=1,1,15][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]英文正文[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,216][/td][/tr][/table][color=#336699]Dan: [/color]I'd like to get the ball rolling by talking about prices.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Shoot. I'd be happy to answer any questions you may have.
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]Your products are very good. But I'm a little worried about the prices you're asking.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]You think we should be asking for more?
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]That's not exactly what I had in mind. I know your research costs are high, but what I'd like is a 25% discount.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]That seems to be a little high, Mr. Smith. I don't know how we can make a profit with those numbers.
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]Please, Robert, call me Dan. Well, if we promise future business -- volume sales that will slash your costs for making the Exec-U-Ciser, right?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Yes, but it's hard to see how you can place such large orders. How could you turn over so many? We'd need a guarantee of future business, not just a promise.
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]We said we wanted 1000 pieces over a six month period. What if we place orders for twelve months, with a guarantee?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]If you can guarantee that on paper, I think we can discuss this further.
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,71][align=center][b]中文翻译[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,180][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]D: 我想就从价钱方面开始谈吧!
R: 洗耳恭听!我很乐意答复任何问题。
D: 贵公司的产品很出色;但你们开的价码,让我觉得有点困难。
R: 你是觉得我们应该把价钱开高一点啰?
D: 我不是这个意思。我知道你们投入很高的开发费用,但是,我想要七五折。
R: Smith先生,这个折扣似乎多了点。这样的价格,我们公司怎么能有利润可赚!
D: Robert,请叫我Dan好了。这样吧!若我们答应以后继续合作,而且是大笔的生意,就可以使你们大幅降低‘健你乐’的制造成本,对不?
R: 嗯!不过,我看不出您怎能下这么大笔的订单?!贵公司如何销售这么多的货呢?我们要的可是保证,而不是随口答应就算数的哦!
D: 我们本来说半年内订货1000件。如果现在我们保证一年内都会跟你们订货,你意下如何?
R: 如果你们能以书面保证,我想我们可以再谈。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,73][align=center][b]短语解说[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,179][/td][td=1,1,46] [/td][/tr][/table]get the ball rolling 开始
"get the ball rolling"字面意思是‘让球滚动’。此词组乃源自足球惯例:由一位球员开球,把球传给队友,借此展开一场比赛;因此这个‘让球滚动’的动作,就引申为‘开始某活动’。
[color=#336699]We can get the ball rolling on this deal by talking to the company's vice president.
[/color]关于这笔生意,我们可以先找这家公司的副总谈。
shoot 有话直说;洗耳恭听
"shoot",当动词有‘发射’的含意。在本文中为感叹语,作用是鼓励他人踊跃发言,意思是‘有话尽管说,我洗耳恭听’,为美式口语。
[color=#336699]If you think you have a better idea than this, shoot.
[/color]如果你觉得还有比这更好的意见,尽管直说吧!
make a profit 赚钱;获利
‘赚钱’这个词组的动词为 "make" -- 用法是 "make a profit"。请注意 "profit" 要加冠词 "a" ,或改为复数形 -- "make profits "来使用。
[color=#336699]I don't see how his company can make a profit; his marketing costs are much too high.
[/color]我不认为他的公司有办法赚到钱,他的行销成本太高了。
volume sales 量贩销售、大笔交易
"volume sales" 是指做生意时,购买的数量超过一定限度,就可以获得折扣或其它方面的优惠(因为理论上,大量生产的制造成本比较低。)
[color=#336699]We only do business in volume sales, so we can offer lower prices than other companies.
[/color]我们只作量贩的生意,所以才有办法把价格压得比别家公司低。
slash (one's) costs 大幅减低成本
"slash" 原指‘砍下’,在此作‘删减’,通常是形容突然大幅度地减低价格或产量等。
[color=#336699]We've decided to slash our costs by making the products in Fukien instead of Taiwan.
[/color]我们决定从台湾移师到福建来生产,以求大幅减低制造成本。
turn over 做....总额的生意;售磬
"turn over" 字面的意思是‘翻转’。在商业上有特殊的涵义,指在一段期间内,将所进的货品售磬,或是做了总额多少的生意。名词仍为"turnover" 表示‘某期间的销售总额’。
[color=#336699]We need to turn over these summer fashions by August.
[/color]我们得在八月前卖完这些夏装。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]句型总结[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,182][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table][b][color=#336699]● 欢迎发问
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. I'd be happy to answer any questions you may have.
2. I'm ready to answer any questions you may have.
3. I'm very willing to answer any questions you may have.
4. It would be my pleasure to answer any questions you may have. [/color]
"I'd be happy to answer...",这个句型是鼓励对方发问,表示自己十分重视对方的反应,及乐于回答与作解释的诚意;有助于双向的沟通。 "would be happy to..."是‘乐意去…’, "would" 在此不是过去式助动词,而是表达一种客气的语调。"any questions you may have"中的 "may" 表示可能性,即‘有可能’的意思,而且 "may" 在此有缓和语气的作用。
[b][color=#336699]● 解释误会
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. That's not exactly what I had in mind.
2. That's not exactly what I was getting at.
3. That's not exactly what I was alluding to.
4. That's not exactly what I was thinking about. [/color]
当对方误解你的想法,你想要予以纠正时,实用的句型可用: "That's not exactly what I had in mind."‘我(心里/刚才所说的)并不是这个意思’。 "have (something) in mind"意思是‘心中想着(某件事)’"not exactly"则为‘不尽然,不完全是’,紧接这句话之后,你应即刻说明自己真正的意思。
[b][color=#336699]● 提出条件
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. If you can ....., I think we can discuss this further.
2. If you can ....., perhaps we can discuss this more.
3. If you can ....., maybe we can talk more about this.
4. If you can ....., we may be able to agree (to/on) what you're proposing. [/color]
谈判陷入僵局,你欲提出折衷办法来突破现况时,可使用"If you can..., I think we can discuss this further."这个句型。此条件句,以"if"子句引导特定的条件,而以主要子句"I think..."表达结果;主要用意是告诉对方:‘如果能同意此条件,或许彼此之间还能继续再谈。’主要子句采"I think...",而非"I promise...",在于强调‘可能…’,但不愿打包票;这也是一种谈判技巧。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,70][align=center][b]特别提示[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,181][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]A. 利用‘称名’与‘道姓’,暗示彼此间的距离
在正式场合中当双方第一次会面,通常以Mr.或Ms.,即‘某先生、某小姐’称呼对方;但美加人士习惯直呼其名,以示亲近。例如文中,当Robert称对方Mr. Smith,且抱怨其杀价不合理时,Dan Smith马上请Robert叫他Dan就可以了;这就是刻意缩短彼此间的距离,表示"有话好商量"的讯号。
B. 强而不悍,才是真正的强人
谈判时虽要坚持原则,但最好不要给人剽悍的印象,否则就算做成第一笔生意,第二次合作的机会也是渺茫。避免用第二人称"You"来指责对方,如文中Robert并不直说‘你要的折扣太多了!’,而说:"I don't know how we can make a profit with those numbers"(这样的价格我们怎么能赚钱?!);使得措辞较婉转、较无威胁性,对方听进耳里也较不刺耳,微妙地将指责转换为软性的抱怨。
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(龙饮西湖) 你来我往价格战 Buy and Sell
[size=9pt]Robert回公司呈报Dan的提案后,老板很满意对方的采购计划;但在折扣方面则希望Robert能继续维持强硬的态度,尽量探出对方的底限。就在这七上八下的价格翘翘板上,双方是否能找到彼此的平衡点呢?请看下面分解:[table=300][tr][td=1,1,15][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]英文正文[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,216][/td][/tr][/table][color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Even with volume sales, our costs for the Exec-U-Ciser won't go down much.
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]Just what are you proposing?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We could take a cut on the price. But 25% would slash our profit margin. We suggest a compromise - 10%.
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]That's a big change from 25! 10 is beyond my negotiating limit. Any other ideas?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]I don't think I can change it right now. Why don't we talk again tomorrow?
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]Sure. I must talk to my office anyway. I hope we can find some common ground on this. (next day) Robert, I've been instructed to reject the numbers you proposed; but we can try to come up with something else.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]I hope so, Dan. My instructions are to negotiate hard on this deal - but I'm trying very hard to reach some middle ground.
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]I understand. We propose a structured deal. For the first six months, we get a discount of 20%, and the next six months we get 15%.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Dan, I can't bring those numbers back to my office - they'll turn it down flat.
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]Then you'll have to think of something better, Robert.
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,71][align=center][b]中文翻译[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,180][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]R: 即使是大量销售,我们的‘健你乐’生产成本仍然无法降低太多。
D: 那你的建议是…?
R: 敝公司可以降价。但是七五折会过度削低我们的毛利。我们建议双方各让一步-九折。
D: 那跟七五折差太多了!九折实在超出我的谈判限度。有其它方案吗?
R: 我现在没办法决定。这样吧,我们何不明天再谈?
D: 可以。反正我也得和公司方面讨论一下。希望我们能够达成共同协议。
R: (次日)Robert,奉上头指示,我得否决你所提的折扣,但我们还是可以找出其它可行的办法。
D: 希望如此,Dan。上面指示我要强硬地谈这笔生意--但我一直想达成折衷的方案。
R: 我了解。那么我们提议阶段式的协议。前半年先给我们八折,后半年,则打八五折。
D: 我没办法向公司报告这样的数字--他们一定会打回票的。
R: 那你就得想出更好的法子啰!
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,73][align=center][b]短语解说[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,179][/td][td=1,1,46] [/td][/tr][/table]take a cut 接受削减
"take"在此解释为‘接受、选择’,等于accept";cut"在此作名词,意思是‘削减、删除’,引申为‘杀价’。
[color=#336699]We need everyone to take a cut in his salary, or else the company will have to choose some people to let go.
[/color]我们需要大家接受减薪,否则公司只好解雇一些人了。
profit margin 毛利
"profit"是‘利润’;"margin"原义是‘边缘’;"profit margin"可指销售所得利润与价格之间的比例关系;亦可指售价减去成本或进价的数额。
[color=#336699]The profit margin on fruit and vegetables is lower than last year.
[/color]今年蔬果的毛利率比去年低。
common ground 相同意见、兴趣
"common"为‘共同’;"ground"是‘场地;土地’。"common ground"原指古欧洲民族用来畜牧的公共用地,演变至今则引申为‘彼此都同意的事情’。
[color=#336699]When it comes to income agreements, we're on common ground.
[/color]就收入方面的协议而言,我们持有相同的意见。
reach some middle ground 达成折衷;互相协调
"reach",‘到达;抵’之意;"middle"为‘中间的’。"reach some middle ground"原指两方交战,遥遥相望,唯待双方抵达中央交会处,才能进行协商,引申为‘折衷协调’。
[color=#336699]Your demand is too high, but if we can reach some middle ground we might have a deal.
[/color]你的要求太高了,不过,如果我们能达成折衷,或许可以成交。
structured deal 阶段式的协议合约
所谓"structured deal"是指合约预定几个阶段,价格或订货条件会因阶段而变动;与"simple deal"--‘单一合同’不同,因"simple deal"可能只规定一种价格。
[color=#336699]We offered the agent a structured deal to make it easier for him to agree.
[/color]我们向经销商提议阶段式的合约,好让他能欣然同意。
turn (something / someone) down flat 断然拒绝
"turn down" 这个动词词组有‘拒绝’的意思;"flat" 在这里是副词,为‘绝对地、断然地’之意,是加重语气的字。
[color=#336699]When he asked us to pay cash, we turned him down flat.
[/color]当他要我们付现金时,我们就直截了当地拒绝。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]句型总结[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,182][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table][b][color=#336699]● 巧妙否决
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. We suggest a compromise -- 10%.
2. We propose an alternative -- 10%.
3. We have another possibility -- 10%.
4. We suggest another approach -- 10%. [/color]
谈判进行中,如果有意修改对方的提案,可技巧地使用:"we suggest a (compromise)..."‘我们建议一项(折衷)…’
使用这句话的好处是避免当面斩钉截铁地拒绝对方,而且还可提出另一个提议来试探对方;因此这个句型不但有降低现场火药味的作用,也可藉此表达新的意见,十分有利于双方进行磋商。它的语言技巧即在表达‘否定’时没有用到‘不’这样的字眼。
[b][color=#336699]● 超出限度
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. 10 is beyond my negotiating limit.
2. 10 is outside where I can go.
3. 10 is beyond the limits of what I can discuss.
4. 10 is not acceptable to me. [/color]
"...is beyond my negotiating limit."‘…超出我的谈判限度’。
此句型的主词就是对方所提的条件。这句话明白告知对方,其提案超出己方设有的底限或自己的权限,若一味强求,可能造成谈判破裂。这种表达否决意味的句子,语气坚定却不失礼貌。
[b][color=#336699]● 上级指示
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. My instructions are to negotiate hard on this deal.
2. I've been instructed to negotiate hard on this deal.
3. I've been told to negotiate hard on this deal.
4. I'm obliged to negotiate hard on this deal. [/color]
对话中,有两个表示自己乃衔命而来的句型,第一个是Dan说的:"I've been instructed to..."。另一个是Robert说的:"My instructions are to..."。
这两个句型均适用于正式场合,语气直截了当;一来传递上级的指示,二来划定谈判的界限。不仅请对方谅解自己权力有限的难处,并且抬出背后上司作护身符,借此保护自己不致成为对方攻击的箭靶。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,70][align=center][b]特别提示[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,181][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table] Robert对于Dan的谈判。时而动之以情,时而晓之以理。这一切的虚虚实实,无非是希望能与对方达成折衷方案、完成交易。以下两则谈判技巧供需要注意:
A. 如何利用‘人称代名词’博取对方的好感
传递消息时,不要忘了随着消息的好坏,改变人称的使用。说坏消息时,利用"we"或"our"表示站在公司立场,或暗示这是公司的决定,而非个人意思。例如文中Robert说:"Our costs... Won't go down..."及"...would slash our profit margin."。再不然就抬出一个不在场的上司,表示奉命如此,请对方见谅自己的不得已。在说好消息或答应条件时,则尽量使用"I"或"my",以拉近彼此距离,加强对方的好感,利于日后关系的发展。
[b][color=#336699]B. 如何推测对方已到谈判的底限
[/color][/b] 尽管双方在谈判的过程中,会不时地嚷嚷‘这已经是价格的底限了’,其实通常都只是做做样子而已。经验之谈是当对方逐渐降低要求幅度时,就是快到价格底限的征兆了。请注意对方要求的幅度,当其逐渐降低到你心目中理想价格的边缘时,则离底限虽不中亦不远矣!
[/size]
(龙饮西湖) 把手言欢定合约 Buy and Sell
[size=9pt]Dan上回提议前半年给他们二成折扣,后半年再降为一成五,经Robert推翻后,Dan再三表示让步有限。您知道Robert在这折扣缝隙中游走,如何才能摸出双方都同意的数字呢?他从锦囊里又掏出什么妙计呢?请看下面分解:[table=300][tr][td=1,1,15][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]英文正文[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,216][/td][/tr][/table][color=#336699]Robert: [/color]How about 15% for the first six months, and for the second six months at 12%, with a guarantee of 3000 units?
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]hat's a lot to sell, with very low profit margins.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]It's about the best we can do, Dan. We need to hammer something out today. If I go back empty-handed, I might be coming back to you soon to ask for a job.
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]OK, 17% the first six months, 14% for the second?!
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Good. Let's iron out the remaining details. When do you want to take delivery?
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]We'd like you to execute the first order by the 31st.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Let me run through this again: the first shipment for 1500 units, to be delivered in 27 days, by the 31st.
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]Right. We couldn't handle much larger shipments.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Fine. But I'd prefer the first shipment to be 1000 units, the next 2000. The 31st is quite soon - I can't guarantee 1500.
[color=#336699]Dan: [/color]I can agree to that. Well, if there's nothing else, I think we've settled everything.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Dan, this deal promises big returns for both sides. Let's hope it's the beginning of a long and prosperous relationship.
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,71][align=center][b]中文翻译[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,180][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]R: 前六个月八五折,后六个月改为八八折,保证订货3000件,你意下如何?
D: 这样我们要卖的货太多,而毛利又太低了。
R: Dan,我们没办法再让步了。今天说什么我们也要把事情搞定。如果我空手回去,大概很快就会来找你要份工作啰。
D: 好吧!前六个月八三折,后六个月八六折?!
R: 行!那么我们来解决剩下的细节问题。您想要什么时候取货?
D: 我们希望贵公司能在31号前履行第一笔订单。
R: 我把约定再说一遍,第一批货1500件,要在27日内,也就是31号前运到。
D: 对。再多的货我们也没办法一次处理。
R: 好。不过我希望第一批货运1000件,下一批2000件。31号就快到了,我不能保证能做1500件。
D: 这我可以同意。那么,如果没有其它问题,我想事情都解决了。
R: Dan,这笔生意保证能让双方都赚大钱。希望这一次是我们长远合作的开始。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,73][align=center][b]短语解说[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,179][/td][td=1,1,46] [/td][/tr][/table]hammer (something) out 敲定;努力找出解答
"hammer"原指‘铁锤’,当动词是‘锤打’之意;"hammer out"原指铁匠以大铁锤辛苦打造出一件件铁器,引申为‘努力推敲出可行的方法’。
[color=#336699]The two countries finally hammered out an agreement.
[/color]两国最后终于达成了协议。
empty-handed 空手;徒劳无功地
"empty"为‘空的’;"empty-handed"与我们中国人所说‘空手’的意思完全相同,表示‘没有收获’。
[color=#336699]The trade negotiations went on for three days, but they had to go back to their country empty-handed.
[/color]此次贸易谈判进行了三天,但他们最后却无功而返地回国了!
iron (something) out 排除困难,解决问题
"iron out"原指用熨斗将皱褶烫平,因此引申为‘排除困难以解决问题’,为美式口语用法。此词组与"hammer out"的意思相近,但喻意不同;"iron out"重于‘平’的意境,而"hammer out"则重于‘用力’。
[color=#336699]There are a few problems with the new computer system that we have to iron out.
[/color]有一些计算机系统的问题待我们去解决。
take delivery 接受运货;取货
"take"在此解释为‘接受’;"delivery"是指‘运送、交货’。此词组之后接受格,要用介词"of"。
[color=#336699]We can't take delivery of the new machines until the building is finished.
[/color]在大楼未完工之前,我们不能接受送来的新机器。
execute the order 履行订单
"execute"为动词,意思是‘执行、实施’,等于"carry out"。"execute the order"是‘履行订单’。
[color=#336699]If we did not execute the order by March, we would have lost a lot of money.
[/color]如果不能在三月前履行订单,我们会损失一大笔钱。
promise (big) returns 保证有(很大的)回收
"promise"是‘保证’;"return"在此当名词,指‘回收;报酬’;常比喻花费时间或努力所得到的收获。"promise big returns"是说‘(某项的投资)铁定能赚大钱。’
[color=#336699]The money we are spending to build hotels promises returns for us within ten years.
[/color]我们兴建旅馆所投下的资金,保证能在十年内回收。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]句型总结[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,182][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table][color=#336699][b]● 接近底限 [/b][/color]
[color=#336699]1. It's about the best we can do.
2. It's about as far as we can go.
3. We can't offer anything better than that.
4. That's the bottom line. [/color]
提出最后可行的折衷方案后,对方仍持否定的态度,你可以说:"It's about the best we can do."是‘我们所能做的极限’。
这句话表示已到谈判的底限了,如再施压力,就拉倒;不过由于使用"about",则又暗示有小幅度调整的可能性,并非百分之百地不可改变。这种说法一来提醒对方,要适可而止,二来由于用字技巧,还替自己保留谈判的余地。
[color=#336699][b]● 复述要点 [/b][/color]
1. [color=#336699]Let me run through this again[/color]: the first shipment .....
2. [color=#336699]Let me check this again[/color]: the first shipment .....
3. [color=#336699]Let me go through this a second time[/color]: the first shipment .....
4. [color=#336699]Let me go over this again[/color]: the first shipment.....
为了要确定自己没有误解对方的意思,在谈判过程中经常有必要用自己的话,把对方的条件或决定再说一遍,以确定无误。如:"Let me run through this again: the first shipment...",
句子中的"run through"意思是‘约略说一次;很快地看一遍’,因此这句话暗示不会逐条逐项地细述,只是约略复述重点。在正式商谈中,敲定交易之前,弄清楚双方同意的事项是绝对有必要的。
[color=#336699][b]● 客套结语 [/b][/color]
1. [color=#336699]Let's hope it's the beginning of a[/color] long and prosperous relationship.
2. [color=#336699]Let's hope it's the beginning of a[/color] great future.
3. [color=#336699]Let's hope it's the beginning of a[/color] long term relationship.
4. [color=#336699]Let's hope it's the beginning of a[/color] rich and prosperous cooperation.
谈判圆满结束,照例要以祝福的客套话作结尾。文中Robert所说的 "Let's hope it's the beginning of a long and prosperous relationship." 就是一个很实用的范例。表示乐于与对方维持长期的合作关系;更希望借由彼此的合作关系,让双方的企业蒸蒸日上,互蒙其利。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,70][align=center][b]特别提示[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,181][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table] Robert与Dan的谈判经过多次的折冲,终于尘埃落定。谈判过程中,只见两人不断地将对方所提的数字加加减减,才一步步地把最后的数字具体化。可见谈判不是一蹴可即的工作,双方不仅要懂得如何维护自己最大的利益,同时也要懂得妥协。以下是两种谈判技巧:
A: 如何表示已到谈判的底限
当谈判陷入僵局,还冒险向对方施加压力,这也是奇招之一。像文中Dan抱怨Robert的折扣给得太低时,Robert立即打开天窗说亮话,以"It's about the best we can do."来逼退Dan。由于这句话暗示谈判有破裂的可能,因此对方在听到这种话后,通常就不再相逼。如Dan听了之后,当下就缓和场面,自动把要求再降低一点,不再坚持高折扣。
B: 隐恶扬善,莫平白暴露自己的缺点
谈判时最大的危机就是无意间暴露己方的弱点,平白陷入挨打的地位,所以应尽量强调自己能做的事,而把做不到的列为最高机密。像Robert实际上无法马上就运1500件这么多的货,但仍促请对方大量订货;但若Robert一开始就透露这一点,对方可能会以此攻击他的能力,造成他声势的跌停板。因此切莫主动暴短,而且应有心里准备,万一对方发现时,自己要如何应付。
[/size]
(龙饮西湖) 远来贵宾谈代工 Buy and Sell
[size=9pt]今天Robert的办公室出现了一个生面孔--kevin Hughes,此人代表美国一家运动产品公司,专程前来寻找代工。现在,我们就来看看两人的会谈现况:[table=300][tr][td=1,1,15][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]英文正文[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,216][/td][/tr][/table][color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We found your proposal quite interesting, Mr. Hughes. We would like to weigh the pros and cons with you.
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]Mr. Liu, we've looked all over Asia for a manufacturer; your company is one of the most suitable.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]If we can settle a number of basic questions, I'm confident in saying that we are the most suitable for your needs.
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]I hope so. And what might be the basic questions you may have?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]First, do you intend to take a position in our company?
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]No, we don't, Mr. Liu. This is just OEM.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]I see. Then, the most important thing is the size of your orders. We'll have to invest a great deal of money in the new production process.
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]If you can guarantee continuing quality, we can sign a commitment for 75,000 pieces a year, for five years.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]At U.S. $1000 a piece, we'll make an average return of just 4%. That's too great a financial burden for us.
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]I'll check the numbers later, but what do you propose?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Here's how you can demonstrate commitment to this deal. Make it ten years, increase the unit price, and provide technology transfer.
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,71][align=center][b]中文翻译[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,180][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]R: Hughes先生,本公司对贵公司的提案很有兴趣。我们想与您仔细衡量这案子。
K: 刘先生,我们在亚洲各地寻找制造商,而贵公司是最合适者之一。
R: 如果我们能解决几个基本问题,我敢说我们的条件是最适合贵公司的。
K: 希望如此。你们想了解哪些基本问题呢?
R: 首先,贵公司是否有意投资本公司?
K: 不,刘先生。这个案子纯粹只是代工。
R: 我懂了。那么,最重要的问题就是贵公司的订单量。因为我们得为新的生产活动投下大笔的资金。
K: 只要贵公司能保证稳定的品质,我们就可以签订为期五年,每年75,000件的合约。
R: 若每件1000美元的话,我们的平均收益也不过是百分之四。这对我们的财力负担太大了。
K: 我会去查一下你说的数字,那你有何提议?
R: 我想贵公司可以这样表示合作此案的诚意:合约为期十年,提高单价,并且提供技术转移。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,73][align=center][b]短语解说[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,179][/td][td=1,1,46] [/td][/tr][/table]weigh the pros and cons 衡量正反意见(得失)
"pro"为拉丁字源,意思是‘赞成’,等于"for";其反义字是"con",‘反对’,是拉丁前缀"contra"的简写,等于"against"。此二字通常合用成"pro and con",表示‘赞成与反对的意见;优缺点’。
[color=#336699]After weighing the pros and cons, we feel it would be too expensive to build new offices so close to Taipei.
[/color]仔细考虑优缺点后,我们觉得要在台北附近建新公司,花费太高了。
take a position in ... 投资于...;加入...经营
"position"为‘位置’,在此是暗示因财务关系而拥有地位;所以"take a position in..."的意思是参与投资某公司或某计划,继而掌有影响权。
[color=#336699]We are not interested in taking a position in the new project; we don't think there is a market for it.
[/color]我们对投资这项新计划没有兴趣,因为我们不认为它会有市场。
a great deal of 大量的
"deal"是指‘份量’,"a great deal of"是‘大量的’,后面须接不可数名词,等于"a lot of"和"much"。另外要注意"a great deal"(没有介词"of"),则是用来形容动词与形容词的副词词组,表示‘(程度上的)非常’。如:
[color=#336699]I was surprised a great deal at the news.
[/color]我对这个消息感到相当惊讶。
average return 平均年收益
"average return"是美式商用口语,指每年的平均收益,常以百分比表示,如"20% average return on an investment"--‘投资上平均二成的年收益’。
[color=#336699]Even during the recession, they are doing well, with an average return of over 15 percent.
[/color]就算是在不景气时,他们的生意还是不错,有一成五以上的年利润。
technology transfer 技术转移
"technology transfer"就是所谓的‘技术转移’;即某家公司将某特殊技术,转移给另一家公司,让该公司替自己生产产品。
[color=#336699]In the past, many companies have used technology transfer to get information from another company-then they have become competitors.
[/color]过去有许多公司利用技术转移,从别家公司取得信息,之后却成为竞争者。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]句型总结[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,182][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table][b][color=#336699]● 保证能胜任
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. I'm confident in saying that we are the most suitable for your needs.
2. I'm confident in saying that we are the best qualified for your needs.
3. I'm confident in saying that we are the best choice for you.
4. I'm confident in saying that we are the best qualified to handle your needs. [/color]
推销产品时,总免不了要‘老王卖瓜’自夸一番。实用的句型有:"I'm confident in saying that we are the most suitable for your needs."。
此句型适用于正式的商谈场合,表示自己是对方的最佳拍档,并愿竭尽所能谈笔公平的买卖。
[b][color=#336699]● 财务负担
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. That's too great a financial burden for us.
2. That's too big a financial burden for us.
3. That's too risky a financial position for us.
4. That places us in a risky position. [/color]
谈判中,‘价码’往往是影响结果的最大关键。对方价钱开得太低时,你不必明明白白地说‘不’,只要说:"That's too great a financial burden for us.",对方即能明白。
这个句型为正式用语,语气平铺直叙,意思是要告诉对方所提出的条件太苛,己方不愿再考虑;同时也暗示对方要作些让步。
[b][color=#336699]● 提出条件
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. Here's how you can demonstrate commitment to this deal.
2. Here's how you can show serious intent.
3. Here's how you can show your support.
4. Here's how you can show you're committed to this deal. [/color]
正式的商业谈判中,不仅要被动地防御对方的攻势,更要会主动地提出己方的要求。
文中Robert很巧妙地运用了一个句型:"Here's how you can demonstrate commitment to this deal."‘你们可以这样表示承诺(的诚意)’。说完这句话之后,就应接着提出己方的要求,且注意提出的条件应有给双方转圜的余地。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,70][align=center][b]特别提示[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,181][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table] Robert与Kevin首度会谈,我们应注意两人一开始是如何建立商谈的气氛,其次是Robert如何安排他的话题。您是否看出他循序渐进地发问,把重要条件拖到最后才提出?
A. 见面三分情
与初次接触的商业代表会晤时,一来为了博取对方的好感,二来为了兼顾礼貌,总会先拣好听的说。如文中,Kevin一见面就说"...your company was one of the most suitable."来恭维对方。不过Kevin对Pacer的赞美在这儿却稍有保留:当他说Pacer是‘较合适者之一’时,就表示还有一、两家同行可供其比价,无异暗示对方若要做成这笔生意,可能得适时地降低要求。
B. 善用最后时间
在谈判战争中,善用拖延战术的把关将领,通常都会将最重要的条件留到最后一刻才提出。此时由于时间匆促,对手无法详加考虑,又为了急于回去交差,往往容易牵就己方。如在本单元中,Robert把技术转移这种最敏感的重要条件留到最后才提出来,就是不到最后关头,不轻易出招。
[/size]
(龙饮西湖) 谈判得失细思量 Buy and Sell
Robert在上单元的最后提出签约的十年的要求,Kevin会不会答应呢?如果答案是否决的话,Robert又有何打算?他一心为公司的利益打算,极力争取技术转移的协议,而对方会甘心出让此项比金钱更珍贵的资产吗?请看以下分解:[table=300][tr][td=1,1,15][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]英文正文[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,216][/td][/tr][/table]
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]We can't sign any contract for ten years. But if your production quality is good after the first year, we could extend the contract and increase our yearly purchases.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]That sounds reasonable. But could you shed some light on the size of your orders?
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]If we are happy with your production quality, we might increase our purchases to 100,000 a year, for the first two years.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Excuse me, Mr. Hughes, but it seems to me we're giving up too much in this case. We'd be giving up the five year guarantee for increased yearly sales.
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]Mr. Liu, you've got to give up something to get something.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]You're asking us to take such a large gamble for just two year's sales, I'm sorry, but you're not in our ballpark.
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]What would it take to keep Pacer interested?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]A three year guarantee, not two. And a quality inspection tour after one year is fine, but we'd like some of our personnel on the team.
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]Acceptable. Anything else?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We'd be making a huge capital outlay for the production process, so we'd like to set up a technology transfer agreement, to help us get off the ground.
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,71][align=center][b]中文翻译[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,180][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]
K: 我们无法签10年的合约。但如果第一年后,贵公司产品的品质确实优良,我们可以再延长合约期限,并逐年增加购买量。
R: 听起来蛮合理。不过您能否透露贵公司的订单量?
K: 如果我们满意贵公司的品质,就很有可能把采购量提高为每年十万件,而且为期两年。
R: 对不起,Hughes先生。这样子我觉得我们似乎让步太大了。就只为了逐年增加的定货量,我们得放弃原来连续五年采购的保证?!
K: 刘先生,有所得必有所失呀!
R: 如果贵公司要我们为了二年的生意,冒这么大的险,很抱歉,我们无法接受。
K: 那要如何才能让你们对这笔生意还有兴趣呢?
R: 要三年保证,不是两年。另外,一年后你们可以派品质检验团来,不过希望成员要包含本公司的人。
K: 可以,还有其它条件?
R: 我们会因设立新的生产线而投下大笔资金,所以希望能与贵公司签订技术转移合约,好帮助我们起步上轨道。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,73][align=center][b]短语解说[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,179][/td][td=1,1,46] [/td][/tr][/table]
shed (some) light on something 透露(某事)
"shed light on"原本是指‘放出光来照亮某物’,因此有‘透露更详细的消息;让不清楚的事情明朗化’的喻意。加入"some"是表示透露了‘一些;部分’的事。
[color=#336699]Can you shed some light on how much it will cost to complete this project?
[/color]你能否透露完成这项计划须多少钱?
take a (large) gamble 冒险
"gamble"原义‘赌博’,引申为‘有风险的事情’。"take a gamble"即形容从事没把握的事情,可用"large"或"big"来形容危险度之高。
[color=#336699]We're taking a big gamble buying this company, but I think it promises big returns for us in the future.
[/color]我们买下这家公司是蛮冒险的,但我想这笔生意将会有很大的回收。
quality inspection 品质检验
"quality"是‘品质’;"inspection"意思是‘检验’;两字合成一个复合名词,即目前商品生产方面最注重的一环--‘品质检验’。另一个跟品质有关的常用语是"quality control",为‘质量管理’。
[color=#336699]The Economics Ministry has sent a special inspection team to our factory on a quality inspection tour.
[/color]经济部派出特别查验工作小组到我们工厂来检验产品品质。
capital outlay 资金支出
"capital"为‘资金’,"outlay"是指‘经费支出’。"capital outlay"是会计上的专有名词,特指公司用来购买固定资产(如机器、建筑物等)或原料的经费等。亦可作"capital expenditure."
[color=#336699]Today new companies need great capital outlays to get started.
[/color]现今新公司起步皆需付出大笔资金。
set up 设立;安顿
"set up"原是指组合各个部份,将之排列摆好,引申为‘设立(结构、组织)’。这个词组可以形容建立或设置新公司、新系统及制度等。
[color=#336699]They set up a First Aid Post at the beach.
[/color]他们在海滩上设置了急救处。
get off the ground 取得初步进展
"ground"为‘地面’。"get off the ground"原指飞机滑离地面飞向空中,比喻‘顺利起步;上轨道’。
[color=#336699]This large expenditure will help us get off the ground, because we'll have all the proper equipment.
[/color]这笔大经费将有助于我们起步,因为适当的设备都将一应俱全。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]句型总结[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,182][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]
[b][color=#336699]● 利益受损
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. It seems to me we're giving up too much in this case.
2. It seems to me we're getting the short end of the stick.
3. It seems to me you're coming out on top with this case.
4. It seems to me we're at a disadvantage in this case. [/color]
双方谈判,若对方的要求让己方的利益受损,可用:"It seems to me we're giving up too much in this case."这句话来抱怨。
此句型以进行式代替未来式,是表示若依对方的要求,其结果将会如此。这句话适切地表达出自己的不满,且语气并不尖刻,仅暗示对方的条件有欠公道。
[b][color=#336699]● 无法接受
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. You are not in our ballpark.
2. You are not offering anything we can accept.
3. You are not giving us anything really attractive.
4. You are not within our range. [/color]
现代欧美人士常把大量的运动词汇加入现代用语中。"ballpark"原义为‘球场’,现在则常引申为‘接受的范围’。
"not in the ballpark"原是指棒球比赛时,若打出界外球,则此球不算数,必需重来。因此"You're not in our ballpark.",即表示对方的要求超出己方所能接受的范围。
[b][color=#336699]● 请开条件
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. What would it take to keep you interested?
2. What do we have to do to keep you at the bargaining table?
3. What would it require from us to keep you interested?
4. What would it take to bring us closer together? [/color]
谈判步入僵局,对方显露强烈不满时,己方应表达‘愿闻其详’的态度,请他提出意见。实用的句型为:"What would it take to keep...(you) interested?"‘要怎样做才能使…(你)还有兴趣?’。这个句子显示顾及对方利益的诚意,愿意解决问题。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,70][align=center][b]特别提示[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,181][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]
在这个单元中,最令人印象深刻的就是对方大举杀价之后,Robert还能沉住气,成功地运用低调的语言,化解向对方挑衅的冲动。虽然生意到此尚未敲定,却留下无限的希望。以下为您分析,Robert到底运用了哪些微妙的语言技巧:
A. 避免当面指责
谈判时,互施小技诱敌入壳,乃在所难免,因此发觉对方有不善意图时,千万要避免尖刻的指责。如Robert发现Hughes的提案大大地牺牲己方的利益时,他说:"It seems to me we're giving up too much in this case."(我们似乎放弃太多);而不说:"You're giving us the short end here."(你让我们吃大亏)。以冷静缓和的口气指出事实,当下彼此心知肚明,而没有造成指着鼻子骂人的尴尬场面。
B. 尽量缓和对峙的场面
进行谈判的过程中,常会因一言不和,旋即造成紧张场面;其实同样的事情只要换种说法,就有不同的结果。如文中Robert就使用"Excuse me...,"以及"It seems to me..."这种不具威胁性的句型,告诉对方要作一些调整。这些句型审慎有礼,又不会有示弱或过分谦让的意味,通常会造成更好的谈判效果。
(龙饮西湖) 技术转移互得利 Buy and Sell
[size=9pt]行至此处,谈判都还算是在和谐的气氛下进行,双方各自寻求得利的方案。但针对技术转移这一项,Robert所提的保证与要求能否消除Kevin心中的顾虑,而令此谈判终露曙光呢?以下对话即为您揭晓:[table=300][tr][td=1,1,15][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]英文正文[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,216][/td][/tr][/table][color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]If we transferred our technical and research expertise, what would stop you from making the same product?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We'd be willing to sign a commitment. We'll put it in writing that we won't copycat the SportsCast within five years after ending our contract.
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]Sounds OK, if it's for any "similar" product. But we'd have to insist on a ten-year limit.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Fine. We have no intention of becoming your competitor.
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]Great. Then let's settle the details of the transfer agreement.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We'll need you to send over some key personnel to help us purchase the equipment and train our technical people. How long do you anticipate that will take?
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]A week to put the team together, three weeks to train your people. If so, when do you estimate starting production?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Our first production run should be one week after our team finishes its training. But I'd like your team to stay a full week after that, to handle any hitches that pop up.
[color=#336699]Kevin: [/color]Can do. Everything seems to be set, Robert. I'll bring in a sample contract tomorrow. If you like, we can sign it then.
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,71][align=center][b]中文翻译[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,180][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]K: 如果我们转移技术与研发给你们,如何能防止贵公司不生产相同的产品?
R: 我们愿意签约保证,与贵公司的代工合约期满后,五年之内决不仿冒贵公司的运动型‘磁质石膏护垫’。
K: 若是说不生产‘类似’产品,那就比较好办。不过,我们得坚持要十年的期限。
R: 没问题。我们并不想成为贵公司的竞争对手。
K: 好!那我们来确定有关技术转移的细节问题。
R: 我们需要贵公司派些主要人员帮我们选购设备并训练技术人员。你预计这要花多少时间?
K: 成立小组需要一星期,另外三星期的时间训练贵公司的人员。如果是这样,你预计什么时候能开始生产?
R: 首轮生产行动应该会在小组训练结束后的一星期内开始。我希望贵公司的小组能再多停留一个星期,以便处理任何突发状况。
K: 行。似乎所有问题都解决了,Robert。那我明天带一份合约草案来。如果你愿意,我们就可以当场签约。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,73][align=center][b]短语解说[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,179][/td][td=1,1,46] [/td][/tr][/table]technical and research expertise 技术与研究的专业知识
"expertise"是‘专家的见解;专门的知识’。这个复合名词是指某特定机构,费时费力所研发出来的科技、信息或经验心得。
[color=#336699]Many smaller computer companies depend on a single new idea, but IBM depends mostly on technical and research expertise.
[/color]许多小型计算机公司仅靠单一的新概念来维持营运,但IBM却重赖技术与研究的专业知识。
put (something) in writing 书面保证,签约
"put"原为‘放置’,在此是指‘写下,记载’。"put something in writing"是指将某事‘以书面表示’,等于"put something on paper"。在此为口语用法,指的是签署有法律效力的合约。
[color=#336699]I like what you've just said. If you can put it in writing, we can accept the idea immediately.
[/color]我很满意刚才你所说的,如果你同意签约,我们就立刻接下这笔生意。
copycat 仿冒;仿冒的;仿冒者
"copycat",在文中作动词,意思为‘仿冒’;此字亦可作名词或形容词。"copy"本义即为‘抄袭’,与"cat"合为一字,有轻蔑的意味,指专做盗版,剽窃工作的人。
[color=#336699]When sales of Apple's first personal computers started to go up, copycat products came on the market very quickly.
[/color]当第一代的苹果个人计算机销售量节节升高时,仿冒品马上在市面上出现。
production run (一批的)生产(量)
"production"是名词,‘生产;出产’的意思。"run"当动词时,有‘机器运转’的意思;在此词组中作为名词,意思是指‘机器作业的时间,或是指在(一次)作业中所能制造的产量’。
[color=#336699]All of the machinery is working well, so we should have our first production run in a day or two.
[/color]全部机器运作一切良好,因此我们会在一、两天内完成第一批的生产。
handle any hitches that pop up 处理任何突发的问题
"handle"是‘处理’;"hitch"在此为名词,意思是‘故障’。"pop up"这个词组的意思是‘突然发生’。"handle any hitches that pop up"是指处理一些突发的问题或状况。短语中的"hitches"可用"problems"代替。
[color=#336699]Mary knows our computer system very well; she can always handle any hitches that pop up.
[/color]Mary非常熟悉我们的计算机系统,她总是能处理任何突发状况。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]句型总结[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,182][/td][td=1,1,47][url=http://ebook/swyy_03_06.htm#0][color=#996666]↑[/color][/url][/td][/tr][/table][b][color=#336699]● 愿意签约
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. We'd be willing to sign a commitment.
2. We'd be willing to offer a written guarantee.
3. We'd be willing to sign a formal written contract.
4. We'd be willing to sign a legally binding paper. [/color]
双方条件已达满意程度,但对方却暗示缺乏某方面保障时,自己应即刻表示愿意签约保证,好让对方安心。实用句型是:"We'd be willing to sign a commitment."‘我们很愿意签约保证’。
"sign a commitment"即指以白纸黑字,签下有法律约束力的正式协议。此句型充分显示愿意保证所言的诚意。
[b][color=#336699]● 无意竞争
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. We have no intention of becoming your competitor.
2. We have no intention of entering into the same product field.
3. We have no intention of getting into the same line of business.
4. We have no intention of setting up in the same product line. [/color]
文中Robert为了让Kevin放心,好顺利取得技术转移的协议,特别以此句保证:"We have no intention of becoming your competitor."(我们并不想成为贵公司的竞争对手)。"have no intention of"是‘没有…的意图’,"of"之后接名词或动名词。
[b][color=#336699]● 需时多久
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. How long do you anticipate that will take?
2. When do you think that will happen?
3. How long do you think that will require?
4. How much time do you guess you'll need? [/color]
做生意,时限往往是双方最为关心的事项之一。"How long do you anticipate that will take?"即是用来询问某件事要‘费时多久’的问句。
这句话表面上看来虽为问句,但实际上却有催促对方尽快完成的意思,暗示急于推进事情的发展。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,70][align=center][b]特别提示[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,181][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table] 文化对个人的思想方式有明显的影响力,而且会在行为语言上表现出来。以下针对‘直接坦白’与‘书面约定’这两点,为您分析中西文化的不同:
A. 直线是两点间最短的距离
东方人为了表面的和谐,通常会拐弯抹角地说话,与西方人的有话直说大相径庭。但是在文中,Kevin却略受亚洲文化的影响,例如他说"We'd have to insist on...",而不说:"You must give us...";他采取如此婉转的口气,也算是入乡随俗吧!
B. 谈律师、谈合约,是不信任的象征吗
在欧美社会,您会发现有动不动就找律师的习惯,这是因为法律的威信在他们心目中占很大的份量。文中Kevin一再强调书面合约,不就是这种心态的表现吗?西方人对生意成交的定义是要拿到白纸黑字签了名的合约,并以法律定出权力与义务才算数。不像中国人只要说句话 –‘君子一言九鼎’,事情就成交。由此可知,中国人谈生意贵在交情,西方人则以法律做前提,重点是逐项讨论细节后,得化成白纸黑字才行。
[/size]
(龙饮西湖) 争取产品代理权 Buy and Sell
[size=9pt]Botany Bay是家生产高科技医疗用品的公司。其产品‘病历磁盘’(Medic-Disk)可贮存个人病历;数据取用方便,真是达到‘一碟在手,妙用无穷’的目标。此产品广泛使用于医院﹑养老院﹑学校等。因此Pacer有意争取该产品软﹑硬设备的代理权。以下就是Robert与Botany Bay的代表,Mark Davis,首度会面的情形:[table=300][tr][td=1,1,15][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]英文正文[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,216][/td][/tr][/table][color=#336699]Mark: [/color]Mr. Liu, total sales on the Medic Disk were $100,000 last year, through our agent in Hong Kong.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Our research shows most of your sales are made in the Taipei area. Your agent has only been able to target the Taipei market.
[color=#336699]Mark: [/color]True, but we are happy with the sales. It's a new product. How could you do better?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We're already well established in the medical products business. The Medic Disk would be a good addition to our product range.
[color=#336699]Mark: [/color]Can you tell me what your sales have been like in past years?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]In the past three years, our unit sales have gone up by 350 percent; profits have gone up almost 400 percent.
[color=#336699]Mark: [/color]What kind of distribution capabilities do you have?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We have salespeople in four major areas around the island, selling directly to customers.
[color=#336699]Mark: [/color]What about your sales?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]In terms of unit sales, 55 percent are from the Taipei area. The rest comes from the Kaohsiung, Taichung, and the Tainan areas. That's a great deal of untapped market potential, Mr. Davis.
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,71][align=center][b]中文翻译[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,180][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]M: 刘先生,‘病历磁盘’透过我们香港的代理,去年的销售锁已达十万美元。
R: 我们的调查显示,该产品的销售市场主要在台北地区。你们的代理商仅能以台北为目标市场。
M: 不错!但我们对这样的销售成绩十分满意。这毕竟是新产品嘛!要卖得更好不容易。
R: 我们公司在医疗用品界一向信誉卓著。‘病历磁盘’若能加入我们的产品阵容,将会是一条好路线。
M: 您能否谈谈贵公司过去几年的销售情形?
R: 过去三年中,我们单项产品销售量成长百分之三百五十;利润则飙长了将近四百个百分点。
M: 贵公司的通路掌握情形如何?
R: 我们在全省四个主要地区都有销售人员,将产品直销给客户。
M: 那销路如何?
R: 以单项产品而言,百分之五十五的销路仍来自台北地区。其它则分别来自高雄、台中、台南等地区。Davis先生,这些未开发的市场可是具有相当潜力哦!
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,73][align=center][b]短语解说[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,179][/td][td=1,1,46] [/td][/tr][/table]target (a) market 以....巿场为目标
"target",在此作动词,是‘以…为目标’的意思。这个词组中的"market"可以指某个区域,或是某个年龄层的目标大众。"target...market"意思是说把销售重点放在某个特定的市场而大力开拓。
[color=#336699]We had tried to target the senior citizens' market-but we found these people liked to look at the products, but didn't like to spend money for them.
[/color]我们曾想以老年人市场为目标--但发现这些人只爱看而不愿花钱买。
go up 上升;增加
"go up"这个词组的字面意思是‘向上走’,引申有‘增加;上涨’之义。可广泛地用来形容温度的上升、价格的上涨与数量的增多等等。请注意"go up to..."与"go up by..."的不同,前者是指‘增加到…’,后者则为‘增加了…’。
[color=#336699]Since the new computer system was set up, our work efficiency has gone up by 50%.
[/color]自从装了新的计算机系统后,我们的工作效率提高了百分之五十。
distribution capabilities 通路的分销能力
"distribution",‘分发;分配’,是指成品从制造者转移到消费者手上的过程;"distribution capabilities"就是指产品透过分销通路(如批发商或零售商),从制造商或进口商再转到消费者手中这个过程所需的措施与活动。
[color=#336699]We can't give you sole agency for all of Taiwan, because your distribution capabilities are not very strong outside Taipei.
[/color]我们不能给你们台湾区的独家代理权,因为贵公司在台北地区以外的分销能力尚不足。
in terms of 就...而言;从...的角度来看
"terms",作复数形,意思是‘措辞;条件’。"in terms of"的意思是‘从…角度来看;就…而言’,等于"with regard to"。
[color=#336699]In terms of labor costs, it is a good idea to make our products in Malaysia instead of Taiwan.
[/color]从工资的角度来看,舍台湾而到马来西亚生产是个不错的主意。
untapped market potential 未开发的巿场潜力
"untapped"为"untap"的过去分词作形容词用,比喻‘未开发的’。"potential"为‘潜力;可能性’。
[color=#336699]KTVs have become quite popular in large cities in England, but there is still great untapped market potential in North America.
[/color]KTV已经风靡了英国各大城市,不过在北美地区还有极大的市场潜力,尚待开发。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]句型总结[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,182][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table][b][color=#336699]● 根据调查
[/color][/b]1. [color=#336699]Our research shows (that)[/color] most of your sales are made in the Taipei area.
2. [color=#336699]Our investigations show (that)[/color] most of your sales are made in the Taipei area.
3.[color=#336699] We've learned (that)[/color] most of your sales are made in the Taipei area.
4. [color=#336699]We're aware of the fact (that)[/color] most of your sales are made in the Taipei area.
想要取信别人,首重真凭实据。引用调查结果的句型是:"Our research shows (that)..."。
此句型可接子句,直接陈述调查的结果;其作用在于向对方暗示自己已在事前做了相当程度的了解,对眼前的情形了如指掌。
[b][color=#336699]● 证明实力
[/color][/b]1. [color=#336699]We're already well established in[/color] the medical products business.
2. [color=#336699]We have many years' experience in[/color] the medical products business.
3. [color=#336699]We've been very successful in[/color] the medical products business.
4. [color=#336699]We've successfully established ourselves in[/color] the medical products business.
对方若怀疑自己公司的实力,有意采高姿态时,最佳的反击方式就是重申己方实力坚强且有目共睹。说法为:"We're already well-established in the...business."。
"well-established",意思是‘基础稳固的’。整句话的含意是‘我们在…界声誉卓著’,语气充满自信。直接有力,却不鲁莽。
[b][color=#336699]● 合作远景
[/color][/b]1. The Medic Disk [color=#336699]would be a good addition to our product range.[/color]
2. The Medic Disk [color=#336699]would nicely expand our product range.
[/color]3. The Medic Disk [color=#336699]would be a good complement to our product range.
[/color]4. The Medic Disk [color=#336699]would be a good additional line for our product range.[/color]
Robert表示"Medic Disk"对其公司原有产品线会有锦上添花的作用时,他说:"The Medic Disk would be a good addition to our product range."。
"product range"是指‘产品所包含的种类、项目’。从"addition"这字可得知,该产品与自己公司的产品属相同领域;同时暗示对方,此产品若能加入本公司的产品阵容,则我方可轻易掌握销售方面的重点与方向。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,70][align=center][b]特别提示[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,181][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table] 由于双方尚处于试探阶段,所以Robert与Mark的初步会谈以互探彼此的信息为始,作用是在了解对方的实力与意愿。值得注意的是,这种表面上的数据交换,实际上也关系到双方势力的推拉策略。以下为您介绍其中的玄机:
A. 透露有备而来的讯息
‘知己知彼’是兵家立于不败之地的必备条件。事前搜集对方的资料、做充分的准备,不仅有助于发展谈判策略,还可避免被对方夸大的言词所迷惑。例如Robert一开始说"Our research shows that most...",因强调"Our"这个字,就能够表现出己方是有备而来。尤其在对方有意摆高姿态,企图主导谈判情势时,以凭据指出有利于己方的事实,反而可为自己造势。
B. 以己之长攻其短
短兵相接之前,Robert对Botany Bay在港台等地的经销状况做了一番相当程度的了解;这个调查结果让他掌握了谈判的大筹码。Robert一上场就先明白表示他已知道对方的香港代理商在台湾仅打进台北地区的市场而已,接着再指出自己公司的行销据点却可掌握全省市场的事实。这一着棋Robert下得漂亮!
[/size]
(龙饮西湖) 先决条件谈得拢 Buy and Sell
[size=9pt]Robert 说明本方在行销与技术上的基础后,终于取信了 Mark,也为此谈判迈开成功的第一步。在谈判到佣金与和约期限这类议题之前,Robert想先确定一些条件,包括独家代理权和 对方所能提供的协助。您知道 Robert运用了哪些技巧,才不会让 Mark以此做条件来威胁 Pacer 让步?我们看看 Robert 怎么说:[table=300][tr][td=1,1,15][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]英文正文[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,216][/td][/tr][/table][color=#336699]Mark: [/color]Mr. Liu, what kinds of sales do you think you could get?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Well, to begin with, we'd have to insist on sole agency in Taiwan. We believe we could spike sales by 30% to 40% in the first year. But certain conditions would have to be met.
[color=#336699]Mark: [/color]What kinds of conditions?
[color=#336699]Robert:[/color] We'd need your full technical and marketing support.
[color=#336699]Mark: [/color]Could you explain what you mean by that?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We'd like you to give training to our technical staff; we'd also like you to pay a fee for after-sales service.
[color=#336699]Mark: [/color]It's no problem with the training. As for service support, we usually pay a yearly fee, pegged to total sales.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Sounds OK, if we can come to terms on how much is fair. As far as marketing support, we'd like you to assume 50% of all costs.
[color=#336699]Mark: [/color]We'd prefer 40%. Many of our customers learn about our products through international magazines, trade shows, and so on. We pick up the tab for that, but you get the sales in Taiwan.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We'll think about it, and talk more tomorrow.
[color=#336699]Mark: [/color]Fine. We'd like you to tell us about your marketing plans.
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,71][align=center][b]中文翻译[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,180][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]M: 刘先生,您想贵公司可达到何等的销售业绩?
R: 这个嘛,首先我们得坚持在台的独家代理权。相信在第一年内就能让业绩激增三到四成。不过得有几个条件互相配合才行。
M: 怎样的条件呢?
R: 我们需要贵公司在技术和行销方面的全力支持。
M: 你能说得更明确点吗?
R: 我们希望贵公司能训练我们的技术人员,同时也希望贵公司能负担部份售后服务的费用。
M: 训练方面是没问题。至于售后服务的补助,我们通常是依据销售总额,年付一次。
R: 那好,只要我们能协议出一个合理的数字就没问题。至于行销补助,我们希望贵公司能负担五成的经费。
M: 我们希望是四成。有不少客户是透过国际性的杂志、贸易展览会等,才知道我们的产品;我们必须负担那方面的费用,而你们则得到在台湾的生意。
R: 我们会考虑看看,明天再细谈。
M: 好。我们还希望听听贵公司的行销计划。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,73][align=center][b]短语解说[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,179][/td][td=1,1,46] [/td][/tr][/table]spike 激增
"spike"原有‘用力将长钉钉进围墙’之意;而在排球运动中则指球员在网前跳起,以大铁锤般的姿态在空中杀球。此用语在商业上引申为‘急剧地跳增’,可形容销路、利润等大幅上涨;为美式俚语用法。
[color=#336699]The chart shows that profits have spiked in the last year.
[/color]这张图表显示去年利润大幅攀升。
technical and marketing support 技术与行销援助
"technical support"是指维修软、硬件方面的技术协助;而"marketing support"则指促销与贩卖上的支援。所谓"support",范围涵盖很广,包括人力、财力、物力、科技等等。
[color=#336699]We must attract distributors by giving good technical and marketing support.
[/color]我们必须以提供完善的技术与行销援助来吸引经销商。
after-sales service 售后服务
"after sales",望文生义即‘销售之后’的意思。所谓"after sales service"是指厂商或代理商对顾客所提供的售后服务,包括定期检查、维修与提供零件等。亦作"post sales service"。
[color=#336699]Because of the recession more companies are improving their after-sales service to keep their customers.
[/color]因为经济不景气,许多公司都改善其售后服务,来拉住客户。
pegged to/on 根据
"peg"原义是‘钉椿;固定物’,如"clothes peg"衣夹。"peg"在此作动词,有‘钉住,固定住’的意思,因此"pegged to",则引申为‘根据(某一项固定的事物)…’;亦可作"pegged on"。
[color=#336699]Many nations' currencies are pegged to the U.S. dollar.
[/color]许多国家的币值皆以美元做其标准。
come to terms 达成协议
"terms"通常是指‘(具有法律效力的)条件;协议’;"come to"在此则是‘达成’的意思。"come to terms"形容双方经过一番努力之后,才达成结果。
[color=#336699]After weeks of hard negotiating, the two sides finally came to terms.
[/color]经过数周努力谈判之后,双方终达成协议。
pick up the tab 付帐;负担全部费用
"tab"在口语用法中是指‘账单’;"pick up the tab",指过去在餐厅或酒馆用餐后,拿起账单前去付帐的行为;现在则广泛地指‘负担费用’。为美式口语用法。
[color=#336699]My father said that if I wanted to go to the university, he would pick up the tab for me.
[/color]我父亲说如果我要上大学,他会负担我所有的费用。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]句型总结[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,182][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table][b][color=#336699]● 表明前提
[/color][/b]1. [color=#336699]To begin with, [/color]we'd have to insist on sole agency in Taiwan.
2. [color=#336699]In the first place, [/color]we'd have to insist on sole agency in Taiwan.
3. [color=#336699]First of all,[/color] we'd have to insist on sole agency in Taiwan.
4. [color=#336699]Firstly, [/color]we'd have to insist on sole agency in Taiwan.
Robert为要强调己方的首要条件,而使用"To begin with, we'd have to insist..."这个句型,表明双方合作的首要前提。
"to begin with,"‘首先’,常用于句首,为副词词组,有强调语气的作用。"We'd have to insist..."表示‘我们得坚持…’,此句语气十分严正,有不可以则拉倒的意味。
[b][color=#336699]● 提出条件
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. But certain conditions would have to be met.
2. But certain conditions would have to be granted.
3. But we'd have to have your guarantee on some conditions.
4. But we'd have to get certain guarantees. [/color]
商谈到了某个关卡,自己想表示‘事情的成功与否,深受某些条件的影响’时,可使用这个句型:"But certain conditions would have to be met."。
"meet"在这里是‘满足;符合’之意。句子以"But"开头,因为Robert已先向对方描绘光明的远景--第一年内激增三成以上的销售量;所以他用此作饵,再提出要求。
[b][color=#336699]● 客气建议
[/color][/b]1. [color=#336699]We would like you to assume [/color]50% of all costs.
2. [color=#336699]We would like you to take on [/color]50% of all costs.
3. [color=#336699]We'd prefer that you assume [/color]50% of all costs.
4. [color=#336699]We'd prefer that you accept financial responsibility for [/color]50% of all costs.
提出要求的方式有好几种,如文中Robert所使用的:"We would like you to assume 50% of all costs."即属于软调的要求,与前面两个语意强硬的句型,大异其趣。
"would like to"等于"want",但比较客气、有礼;应用这个句型的时机是己方急欲提出建议,却又不想以"we demand"--‘我们强烈要求’这种字眼来表达,以免让对方有压迫感。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,70][align=center][b]特别提示[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,181][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table] 在这回谈判中,Robert与Mark对部分敏感的数字达成了共识。您是否发现,这些数字皆非两人一开始所提的原案,而是几次谈判后,才找到的交集点。但双方的妥协,绝非单纯的退让,而是有诀窍的。以下为您探讨‘条件’和‘权限’这两个与让步息息相关的关键:
A. 争取交换利益的技巧
在谈大生意时要沉着,才能运用优势,争取更大的利益。当Mark单刀直入地问Robert心中对销售量的预估时,Robert说"...we could spike sales by 30% to 40%...",其实他是故意留下百分之十的弹性空间;更在说完话之前,留下"But certain conditions would have to be met."这个尾巴,暗示对方慎重考虑他就要提出的条件,以换取十个百分点的成长。
B. 与有权作主的人谈判
谈判最大的忌讳,就是坐在谈判桌对面的人是无权作主的人。因为当你依照他的意思退让,想藉此换取对方的弹性时,却反遭对方使出杀手,表示无权作主,得请示上司。这种情况下,自己所做的让步不仅无法换取对方的让步,反而成为下次对方向前逼进的起步点。因此在进入磋商的阶段时,要先查明对方的权限范围,如果对方言语闪烁,就应立即表示要与有权作主者谈。
[/size]
(龙饮西湖) 运筹帷幄转颓势 Buy and Sell
Panay Inc.是一家欧洲的医疗用品制造商,与Pacer之间,长久以来仅维持普通的关系而已。但由于Pacer在国际上的表现逐渐获得肯定,Panay遂想与 Pacer 商谈合资大计。其谈判代表Pierre Quigg,会不会仗着公司的财力与规模而摆出高姿态呢?Robert又应如何据理力争,才能不亢不卑地完成使命呢?请看:[table=300][tr][td=1,1,15][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]英文正文[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,216][/td][/tr][/table]
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Mr. Quigg, I'd like to get right to the point here. Firstly, we need to talk about how much each company will pay.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]Well, we want to have the largest share. Our company is much larger than yours, and we've been in business longer.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Let's look at this another way. The major point is the value that we add; not who's been in business longer, or is bigger.
Pierre: What are you thinking of?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We do not wish to place ourselves in an inferior position. We'd have little or no influence in making decisions. We're a good, small company -- and that's why you're interested.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]What would make Pacer feel more comfortable?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]If Panay took a 70% position in the venture we'd be taking a back seat to you.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]Well, how much influence you have depends on how much you own. What if we up your ante to 40%?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]A 60 / 40 split in your favor is OK with us. But we'd like to have a few other promises.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]What did you have in mind?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We'd like to have the top person of the management board change every 3 months. We'd also like the board to have an odd number, in our favor.
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,71][align=center][b]中文翻译[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,180][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]
R: Quigg先生,我想开门见山好了。首先,我们需要讨论一下双方各要负担多少。
P: 嗯,我们要占最大股。本公司规模较贵公司大得多,而且从事这一行也较久。
R: 我们可从另一个角度来看。重要的是双方所投入的价值,而不是谁从事这行较久,或谁规模较大的问题。
P: 您的想法是?
R: 我们并不想退居老二的地位。这样我们在决策方面就几乎没有影响力了。敝公司虽小却有实力--这也是您对我们有兴趣的原因。
P: 该怎么做才能让Pacer安心呢?
R: 若Panay在合资中占七成的股份,那我们只有让贵公司控制全局了。
P: 嗯,影响力多寡全凭实力而定。如果让贵公司提高投资额到百分之四十呢?
R: 贵公司占六我们占四,是还可以接受。不过希望能得到一些承诺。
P: 您有什么建议呢?
R: 我们希望管理委员会主席每三个月一调。同时委员会的人数为奇数,而我们的人占多数。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,73][align=center][b]短语解说[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,179][/td][td=1,1,46] [/td][/tr][/table]
have little or no influence 几乎没有影响力
"little or no"是个常用的形容词词组,字面意思是‘很少或没有’,引申为‘几乎没有’(almost no)。"influence"是‘影响力’,介词用"on","have influence on something someone"为‘对某事(人)有影响力’。
[color=#336699]The strike had little or no influence on our profits.
[/color]这次的罢工对我们的收益几乎毫无影响。
take a back seat 居末;退让
"back seat"的字面意思是‘后座’,"take a back seat"原指乘车时坐后座,让他人坐前座开车。因此"take a back seat to some one"则引申为‘顺从他人,让他人控制大局’。
[color=#336699]Mary is very aggressive; she won't take a back seat to anyone else in the office.
[/color]Mary非常积极强悍,她不会让其它同事爬到她的头上。
depend on 视……而定;依赖
"depend",原义即‘依靠;凭借’,必须与介词"on"合用。"on"亦可用"upon"代换。
[color=#336699]Health depends on good food, fresh air, and enough sleep.
[/color]身体健康仰赖好的食物、新鲜的空气、与足够的睡眠。
up the ante 提高分担金
"ante",作名词是指玩扑克牌时,发牌前所下的赌金,在此则指‘合资的分担金’。"up"在此为动词,意思是‘增加、提高’。此词组为俚语用法。
[color=#336699]They want to up their ante to 70% if we want to be part of this joint venture.
[/color]如果我们要加入合资,他们就要把自己分担的那部份提高到百分之七十。
(60/40) split (六四)分帐;分担
"split"原指‘分割;分成…部份’,引申为‘个人分担的部份’。表示‘各分得多少’的用法有"A/B split"和"A,B split"。以百分比而言,A与B相加要等于一百。
[color=#336699]We want more than a fifty percent split in any profits we make on this deal.
[/color]这笔生意所赚的任何利润,我们要分得五成以上。
in someone's favor 对(某人)有利;赞同(某人)
"in favor"是指‘支持;赞成’,可广泛形容某决定、结果等对某方有利,或是赞成某方的意见。这词组亦可作 in favor of someone"。
[color=#336699]Even though we have some trouble right now, I think the final result will be in our favor.
[/color]即使现在还有些问题,我想最后结果还是会对我们有利的。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]句型总结[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,182][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]
[b][color=#336699]● 切入重点
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. I'd like to get right to the point here.
2. I'd like to get right to the major issue here.
3. I'd like to get right to the main point here.
4. I'd like to get right to the most important issue here. [/color]
会谈时有必要表达‘单刀直入’的意思时,你可以用:"I'd like to get right to the point here."这个句型。
"get to"意思是‘切入;到达’,"right"则为强调用法,表示‘正’切入重点。这句话由于使用"would like to",故语气显得较和缓。通常在你要提出较具关键性的议题前,最好以言辞提醒对方注意,而这句话是最恰当不过了。
[b][color=#336699]● 换个角度
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. Let's look at this another way.
2. Let's look at this from another angle.
3. Let's look at this in a different way.
4. Let's look at this from another point of view. [/color]
文中Robert对Pierre以大吃小的态度颇不能接受,却又不想在口头上得罪对方,因此他借着 "Let's look at this another way.",巧妙地表达‘不以为然’的感受。"another way" 等于"in another way",意思是‘以另一种方式’。
这句型避免了用"you are wrong"或"I don't agree with you."这类直接反驳的字眼,而是以一种建议性的口气,诱导对方以另一种态度反应这个问题。
[b][color=#336699]● 拒绝劣势
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. We do not wish to place ourselves in an inferior position.
2. We do not wish to accept an inferior position.
3. We do not intend to allow ourselves to be dominated.
4. We do not want to take a back seat. [/color]
会话中Robert表示自己公司不愿居于劣势:"We do not wish to place ourselves in an inferior position."。
"place"在此是‘置于,放在’的意思;"inferior"为‘劣等的,次等的’。由于此句型的主词是"we",而不是"you",所以不会令听话者觉得很刺耳,因为并没有直接指控对方有欺压的意味,而是清楚地表达己方反对的立场。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,70][align=center][b]特别提示[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,181][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]
这次Pacer与Panay的谈判,从种种客观的条件去评估,我们会发现Pacer只要稍不留意,就会落入任人宰割的局面。Robert之所以能反败为胜,主要是成功地为自己造势,同时用对谈判策略。以下为您分析Robert到底运用了哪些技巧:
A. 争取平等的地位
合资谈判的先决条件是双方实力相当,实力有差距时,就要懂得为自己造势,增加己方的筹码。当Pierre有意摆出高姿态时,Robert说"We're a good, small company - that's why you're interested.",就是将‘公司的实力’与‘Panay对Pacer的兴趣’这两项事实加以扩大,而对自己公司想和Panay合作的‘强烈意愿’则避而不谈,以达到为己造势的效果。
B. 有效利用权限
谈判前应先查清楚对方的权限,免得自己做出让步后,反而让对方以‘我无法做主’、‘我必须回去问上司’的说词摆了一道。在此Robert对Pierre的实际权限就先做了初步的了解,因此Robert的态度显得较为强硬、积极,把不能让己方居于劣势的坚决立场,直接反应给Pierre,促使这位有权作主的代表做些让步。
(龙饮西湖) 进退分寸拿捏准 Buy and Sell
[size=9pt]前一单元中,Robert 丢下了管理委员会主席任期的问题给 Pierre。您知道 Panay 的反应如何呢?而这回 Robert 应该以何种态度应付接踵而至的问题,他是进是退?本单元将会为您分解,请看:[table=300][tr][td=1,1,15][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]英文正文[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,216][/td][/tr][/table][color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]Mr. Liu, I've talked about your ideas with my management. Can I ask if they were proposals, or demands?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]It's not that we don't trust you, Pierre. We must be sure to cover all contingencies.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]I understand. But we'd like the top person on the board to change every six months.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We can agree to that. Why is that such a sticking point for you?
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]Three months isn't enough to establish one's authority. But six won't be too long to let good new ideas come out.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]I have no problem with that. Let's move on to more crucial matters - technology transfer.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]Good. Our management style is to open up all departments; there can be no secrets.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]That'd be a little difficult, Pierre. We'll be making just the F-16 artificial heart. But Pacer has many other projects.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]You're saying that you don't want to share technical info?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]No, I'm saying that we can't let you in on everything; only info needed for the F-16.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]How can we be sure we'd be getting all the information that we need?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]It's all a matter of faith. We completely trust you to do the right thing, as we will.
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,71][align=center][b]中文翻译[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,180][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]P: 刘先生,我把您的想法和我们管理层谈过了。请问这些想法到底是建议还是要求?
R: Pierre,并不是我们不信任你。我们总得预防所有可能发生的意外。
P: 我了解。但我们希望委员会主席六个月一调。
R: 这点我们可以同意。为什么这会令你们担心?
P: 短短三个月不足以建立权威。但六个月的时间则够酝酿出好点子来。
R: 这个我不反对。那我们来谈较关键性的事情--技术转移。
P: 好。本公司的管理风格一向是各部门开诚布公,没有秘密。
R: Pierre,这有点困难。我们之间的合作只是生产F-16人工心脏。但敝公司却还有许多其它产品。
P: 您是说贵公司不愿交换科技信息?
R: 不,我是说除了与F-16相关的科技信息外,我们不能透露所有的信息。
P: 那我们怎么确定是真的得到了所有必要的信息呢?
R: 这完全是信任问题。而我们完全信任贵公司会和我们一样照规矩来做事情。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,73][align=center][b]短语解说[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,179][/td][td=1,1,46] [/td][/tr][/table]cover all contingencies 预防所有意外的发生
"contingency"是‘偶发事故’;"cover"原指‘覆盖’,在此引申为‘涵盖;掌握’。这个词组是指(某项措施)可完全预防或涵盖所有可能意外的发生。
[color=#336699]Investing in the Philippines is very risky, so we've got to be very careful to cover all contingencies.
[/color]在菲律宾投资是件冒险的事,所以我们得小心防范所有可能意外的发生。
sticking point 棘手的事项;难题
"stick"原指‘黏住;进退不得’,"sticking"为形容词,指‘棘手的;难应付的’;"point",是‘重点’。"sticking point"即‘关键问题;主要的困难’;是美式口语。
[color=#336699]Our disagreement about the discount they want is becoming a sticking point.
[/color]我们不同意他们所要求的折扣,已经成为这笔生意上的棘手问题。
establish (one's) authority 建立权威;建立威信
"authority"为‘权威’;"establish"为‘建立’。"establish authority"泛指建立起权威,得到尊敬,因而可完全控制全局。
[color=#336699]Many new bosses like to make big decisions right away, trying to establish their authority.
[/color]许多新上司就任后,喜欢立即做出重大决定,以建立个人权威。
open up (something) 开放;展现
"open up"这个动词词组泛指开放某事、放开胸怀、提供机会给他人、或变得活跃等等。被开放的事可以直接加在"up"之后。
[color=#336699]Einstein's theories opened up a whole new area of study.
[/color]爱因斯坦的理论为研究范筹开启了一个全新的领域。
let (someone) in on (something) 透露消息给某人
"let someone in"原指‘让某人进来’,引申为‘透露;使参与’。"let someone in on something"则是说将原本不为人知的事情透露给某人。
[color=#336699]We do not let Dave in on any secrets, because he likes to report everything to the management.
[/color]我们不让Dave知道任何秘密,因为他喜欢向管理阶层打小报告。
do the right thing 照规矩来;行为合宜
"do the right thing"的字面意思是‘做对的事情’,其运用范围很广泛;所谓"the right thing"可以指规矩、约定成俗的道德规范、或习惯等,故此表达语引申为‘守分寸、照规矩行事’。
[color=#336699]Jon doesn't know how to do the right thing when handling his staff.
[/color]Jon不知如何适宜地管理他的手下。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]句型总结[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,182][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table][b][color=#336699]● 爽快同意
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. I have no problem with that.
2. I can agree to that.
3. I have no reason to disagree to that.
4. I have no trouble with that. [/color]
表示同意的说法有好几种,文中Robert所用的二句是:"We can agree to that."和"I have no problem with that."。
"have problems with"等于"have trouble with",意思是‘对…(事、人)无法处理;不能接受(某事、人)’。而加上"no"--have no problems..."即表示‘对…没意见’。
[b][color=#336699]● 提出重点
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. Let's move on to more crucial matters.
2. Let's move on to more pressing matters.
3. Let's move on to more important things.
4. Let's move on to matters of greater importance. [/color]
一项主题讨论结束后,欲提出另一项更重要的议题时,可以使用这个句型来提示对方:"Let's move on to more crucial matters."。
整句话是说‘我们接下来要谈谈较重要的事情’。这句话不仅可作为提议的开头语,更暗示接下来要谈的事相当具有关键性。
[b][color=#336699]● 信任问题
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. It's all a matter of faith.
2. It's all a matter of trust.
3. It all depends on trust.
4. It all has to do with faith.[/color]
西方人所说的‘君子协定’,很像中国人的‘大丈夫一言既出’;这种意味着无任何法律约束、全赖彼此信任的句型有:"It's all a matter of faith."‘这完全是信任问题’。
[color=#996666] [/color] "faith"意思是‘信任;信念’。这句话含有"You can trust me; I'm an honest person."(请相信我是坦诚可信的人。)的暗示。当然这句话也同时表示,你相当地信任对方。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,70][align=center][b]特别提示[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,181][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table] Robert与Pierre在本单元中谈到两项议题:一是委员会的主席任期;二是技术转移。您知道Robert为什么要把技术转移这种重要的议题挪到后面才谈?还有,对管理委员会的态度,他又为什么不多做坚持?以下为您探讨‘以退为进’与‘拖延战术’的策略。
A. 以退为进的心理战
[color=#996666] [/color]Robert不挑技术转移、行销分配等重要问题先谈,反而先挑次要的议题 -- 管理委员会的成立和主席任期来讨论;此乃因为他已准备要在这样的小事上让步(同意将主席任期改为半年),以建立起良性、有诚意合作的气氛。
B. 拖延战的应用时机
[color=#996666] [/color]Robert事先没向Pierre说明自己上回的提案是建议还是要求,就是要让对方心存顾忌,以便更能掌握情势。接下来再观察,如果时间对自己不是问题,就可以使用拖延战术。不过由于Robert不愿在此等小事(管委会的主席任期)上大做文章,且又顾及谈判初期应以和为贵,因此改走另一着棋 -- 顺应对方的心意来博其好感,以便推动下一波的攻势。
[/size]
(龙饮西湖) 进退分寸拿捏准 Buy and Sell
[size=9pt]前一单元中,Robert 丢下了管理委员会主席任期的问题给 Pierre。您知道 Panay 的反应如何呢?而这回 Robert 应该以何种态度应付接踵而至的问题,他是进是退?本单元将会为您分解,请看:[table=300][tr][td=1,1,15][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]英文正文[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,216][/td][/tr][/table][color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]Mr. Liu, I've talked about your ideas with my management. Can I ask if they were proposals, or demands?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]It's not that we don't trust you, Pierre. We must be sure to cover all contingencies.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]I understand. But we'd like the top person on the board to change every six months.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We can agree to that. Why is that such a sticking point for you?
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]Three months isn't enough to establish one's authority. But six won't be too long to let good new ideas come out.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]I have no problem with that. Let's move on to more crucial matters - technology transfer.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]Good. Our management style is to open up all departments; there can be no secrets.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]That'd be a little difficult, Pierre. We'll be making just the F-16 artificial heart. But Pacer has many other projects.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]You're saying that you don't want to share technical info?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]No, I'm saying that we can't let you in on everything; only info needed for the F-16.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]How can we be sure we'd be getting all the information that we need?
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]It's all a matter of faith. We completely trust you to do the right thing, as we will.
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,71][align=center][b]中文翻译[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,180][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]P: 刘先生,我把您的想法和我们管理层谈过了。请问这些想法到底是建议还是要求?
R: Pierre,并不是我们不信任你。我们总得预防所有可能发生的意外。
P: 我了解。但我们希望委员会主席六个月一调。
R: 这点我们可以同意。为什么这会令你们担心?
P: 短短三个月不足以建立权威。但六个月的时间则够酝酿出好点子来。
R: 这个我不反对。那我们来谈较关键性的事情--技术转移。
P: 好。本公司的管理风格一向是各部门开诚布公,没有秘密。
R: Pierre,这有点困难。我们之间的合作只是生产F-16人工心脏。但敝公司却还有许多其它产品。
P: 您是说贵公司不愿交换科技信息?
R: 不,我是说除了与F-16相关的科技信息外,我们不能透露所有的信息。
P: 那我们怎么确定是真的得到了所有必要的信息呢?
R: 这完全是信任问题。而我们完全信任贵公司会和我们一样照规矩来做事情。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,73][align=center][b]短语解说[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,179][/td][td=1,1,46] [/td][/tr][/table]cover all contingencies 预防所有意外的发生
"contingency"是‘偶发事故’;"cover"原指‘覆盖’,在此引申为‘涵盖;掌握’。这个词组是指(某项措施)可完全预防或涵盖所有可能意外的发生。
[color=#336699]Investing in the Philippines is very risky, so we've got to be very careful to cover all contingencies.
[/color]在菲律宾投资是件冒险的事,所以我们得小心防范所有可能意外的发生。
sticking point 棘手的事项;难题
"stick"原指‘黏住;进退不得’,"sticking"为形容词,指‘棘手的;难应付的’;"point",是‘重点’。"sticking point"即‘关键问题;主要的困难’;是美式口语。
[color=#336699]Our disagreement about the discount they want is becoming a sticking point.
[/color]我们不同意他们所要求的折扣,已经成为这笔生意上的棘手问题。
establish (one's) authority 建立权威;建立威信
"authority"为‘权威’;"establish"为‘建立’。"establish authority"泛指建立起权威,得到尊敬,因而可完全控制全局。
[color=#336699]Many new bosses like to make big decisions right away, trying to establish their authority.
[/color]许多新上司就任后,喜欢立即做出重大决定,以建立个人权威。
open up (something) 开放;展现
"open up"这个动词词组泛指开放某事、放开胸怀、提供机会给他人、或变得活跃等等。被开放的事可以直接加在"up"之后。
[color=#336699]Einstein's theories opened up a whole new area of study.
[/color]爱因斯坦的理论为研究范筹开启了一个全新的领域。
let (someone) in on (something) 透露消息给某人
"let someone in"原指‘让某人进来’,引申为‘透露;使参与’。"let someone in on something"则是说将原本不为人知的事情透露给某人。
[color=#336699]We do not let Dave in on any secrets, because he likes to report everything to the management.
[/color]我们不让Dave知道任何秘密,因为他喜欢向管理阶层打小报告。
do the right thing 照规矩来;行为合宜
"do the right thing"的字面意思是‘做对的事情’,其运用范围很广泛;所谓"the right thing"可以指规矩、约定成俗的道德规范、或习惯等,故此表达语引申为‘守分寸、照规矩行事’。
[color=#336699]Jon doesn't know how to do the right thing when handling his staff.
[/color]Jon不知如何适宜地管理他的手下。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]句型总结[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,182][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table][b][color=#336699]● 爽快同意
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. I have no problem with that.
2. I can agree to that.
3. I have no reason to disagree to that.
4. I have no trouble with that. [/color]
表示同意的说法有好几种,文中Robert所用的二句是:"We can agree to that."和"I have no problem with that."。
"have problems with"等于"have trouble with",意思是‘对…(事、人)无法处理;不能接受(某事、人)’。而加上"no"--have no problems..."即表示‘对…没意见’。
[b][color=#336699]● 提出重点
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. Let's move on to more crucial matters.
2. Let's move on to more pressing matters.
3. Let's move on to more important things.
4. Let's move on to matters of greater importance. [/color]
一项主题讨论结束后,欲提出另一项更重要的议题时,可以使用这个句型来提示对方:"Let's move on to more crucial matters."。
整句话是说‘我们接下来要谈谈较重要的事情’。这句话不仅可作为提议的开头语,更暗示接下来要谈的事相当具有关键性。
[b][color=#336699]● 信任问题
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. It's all a matter of faith.
2. It's all a matter of trust.
3. It all depends on trust.
4. It all has to do with faith.[/color]
西方人所说的‘君子协定’,很像中国人的‘大丈夫一言既出’;这种意味着无任何法律约束、全赖彼此信任的句型有:"It's all a matter of faith."‘这完全是信任问题’。
[color=#996666] [/color] "faith"意思是‘信任;信念’。这句话含有"You can trust me; I'm an honest person."(请相信我是坦诚可信的人。)的暗示。当然这句话也同时表示,你相当地信任对方。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,70][align=center][b]特别提示[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,181][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table] Robert与Pierre在本单元中谈到两项议题:一是委员会的主席任期;二是技术转移。您知道Robert为什么要把技术转移这种重要的议题挪到后面才谈?还有,对管理委员会的态度,他又为什么不多做坚持?以下为您探讨‘以退为进’与‘拖延战术’的策略。
A. 以退为进的心理战
[color=#996666] [/color]Robert不挑技术转移、行销分配等重要问题先谈,反而先挑次要的议题 -- 管理委员会的成立和主席任期来讨论;此乃因为他已准备要在这样的小事上让步(同意将主席任期改为半年),以建立起良性、有诚意合作的气氛。
B. 拖延战的应用时机
[color=#996666] [/color]Robert事先没向Pierre说明自己上回的提案是建议还是要求,就是要让对方心存顾忌,以便更能掌握情势。接下来再观察,如果时间对自己不是问题,就可以使用拖延战术。不过由于Robert不愿在此等小事(管委会的主席任期)上大做文章,且又顾及谈判初期应以和为贵,因此改走另一着棋 -- 顺应对方的心意来博其好感,以便推动下一波的攻势。
[/size]
(龙饮西湖) 二分天下谈行销 Buy and Sell
[size=9pt]Robert 与 Pierre 已初步达成对技术转移的共识。我们接着即看看Panay是否愿意完全接受Robert的提议;而且除了技术转移这一项外,还有市场分配等重要议题需要磋商。双方能否建立合资的关系就有赖此举了。请看:[table=300][tr][td=1,1,15][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]英文正文[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,216][/td][/tr][/table][color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]Robert, we'd like a legal guarantee that all relevant technology and info are to be shared by both sides.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We'd be more than happy to accommodate you, Pierre. If we don't share all info, the agreement becomes null and void.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]That's fair. Now, it's time to discuss how production and marketing will be shared.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]As to marketing, I think it would be best to divvy up the pot. North America is yours, Asia is ours.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]Asia? That's a huge potential market! We make 20% of our sales just in Japan. No way!
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]Please, hear me out, Pierre. Our sales teams are going toe to toe in Japan and Europe. Competing over the F-16 will cut into our profit margin.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]I understand, but there must be another way to do this.
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]We're willing to give up Europe if you give us Japan.
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]I can't decide right now. I'll have to think about it, and...
[color=#336699]Robert: [/color]I'm afraid this is the only viable option, Pierre. The best thing for us is to work in the markets we're familiar with. You don't want to fight over the same turf, do you?
[color=#336699]Pierre: [/color]OK, Robert. I'll talk to my home office about this, but I think they'll say yes.
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,71][align=center][b]中文翻译[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,180][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table]P: Robert,我们要求一份合法的保证--双方共同享有一切相关的技术与信息。
R: Pierre,我们很乐意配合这一点。如果我们不提出全部的有关信息,那合约即自动失效。
P: 这很合理。现在我想可以谈谈分配生产与行销的问题了吧。
R: 关于行销,我认为最好的方式是分家。北美归你们,亚洲归我们。
P: 亚洲?那是个极具潜力的市场!仅仅日本就占了我们销售额的两成。不行!
R: Pierre,请听我说完。我们的销售队伍在日本与欧洲都会面临激烈的竞争。要是我们竞相销售F-16会使毛利锐减。
P: 这我懂,但是一定还有别的方法可以解决。
R: 如果你们把日本让给我们,我们就放弃欧洲。
P: 我现在不能决定。我得考虑一下,而且…
R: Pierre,恐怕这是唯一可行的选择。守着自己熟悉的市场对我们两方来说,是最好不过的事。贵公司不会愿意在同一个市场火并,对吧?
P: 好吧,Robert。我得再跟总公司讨论这一点;但我想他们会同意。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,73][align=center][b]短语解说[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,179][/td][td=1,1,46] [/td][/tr][/table]null and void 无效的
"null"为‘无效的’;"void"也是‘无效的’。这两个同义字的叠字用法,主要是强调‘无效’这层涵义。为法律用语,形容‘完全失去(法律)效力’。
[color=#336699]After reviewing your work in the past year, we consider your employment contract here to be null and void.
[/color]检视过你去年工作的成绩后,我们认为你的雇用合约已经失效了。
divvy up the pot 共同分摊;共享
"divvy"为美式俚语,意思是‘分配’,常与介系词"up"合用。"pot"是指‘(扑克牌等)一次所赌的总金额’,引申为‘巨款;总收入’。词组中"the pot"可省略,以"divvy up"表示分享利润或分摊费用。
[color=#336699]We'll have to divvy up more of the pot with the shareholders.
[/color]我们应该让股东们分享更多的利润。
go toe to toe 激烈竞争;大力争取
"toe"是‘脚趾’;"toe to toe"原是形容拳赛中的两位对手为击倒对方,不断猛烈进拳、逗拳,甚至到了脚趾互相抵住的地步。因此常引申为‘夺取霸主地位而激烈竞争’。
[color=#336699]I don't agree with this decision; I'll have to go toe to toe with the president about this.
[/color]我不同意这个决定,我会去向总裁极力争取。
cut into (one's) profit margin 利润下降
我们曾在前面介绍过"profit margin",是‘毛利’;"cut into"原指把大饼切下一块,或是把某部份切掉。"cut into (one's) profit margin"则比喻‘使毛利下降’。这是非正式口语用法。
[color=#336699]We have had many problems recently, and the recession has really cut into our profit margin.
[/color]我们最近有许多问题,尤其经济萧条更使得我们的利润下降。
give up 放弃;投降
"give up"有许多意思,如‘向敌人投降’、‘改掉(习惯)’、‘放弃(主张、权力、职位)’等,在本文中是指后者,这个词组的受格应为名词或动名词。
[color=#336699]My dad has given up smoking.
[/color]我爸爸已经戒烟了。
fight over the same turf (为争取某物)激战
"turf"原指‘草地’;"fight over the same turf"的字面意思是‘在同一块土地上交战’,原指古代两师步兵只在一片旷野上激烈地搏斗。今比喻‘为争夺势力范围而激战’;"turf"也引申为‘势力范围’。
[color=#336699]Tom and Mary are in a fight over the same turf, trying to get control over the department's research budget.
[/color]Tom与Mary为取得部门研究经费的控制权,而发生激烈的竞争。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,69][align=center][b]句型总结[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,182][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table][b][color=#336699]● 乐意配合
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. We'd be more than happy to accommodate you.
2. We'd be more than happy to cooperate with you.
3. We'd be more than happy to do as you wish.
4. We'd be more than happy to do as you like.[/color]
文中Robert表示愿意遵照Pierre的要求,以具有法律性的文件来保证技术转移;他这么说:"We'd be more than happy to accommodate you."。‘我们很乐意与您配合’
乍听之下,彷佛有些屈服、默然顺从的意味,但其涵义亦有为建立长期的关系,抱持着合作的精神和为人着想的态度;这样的表达方式有助于维持良好的合作关系。
[b][color=#336699]● 请听我说
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. Please hear me out.
2. Please let me finish.
3. Please allow me to explain more fully.
4. Please listen to what I have to say.[/color]
当Pierre情绪高亢地反对Robert所提行销市场分配的建议时,Robert耐住性子客气严正地说:"Please hear me out."‘请听我把话说完’。
"hear out"意思是‘听(某人)把话说完’。这句话言简意赅,用于不满对方插嘴或对方不耐听完你的意见之时。此句型最好要加"please",并采用沉稳平静的口气
[b][color=#336699]● 唯一选择
[/color][/b][color=#336699]1. I'm afraid this is the only viable option.
2. I'm afraid there's no other way to do this.
3. I'm afraid this is the only possible solution.
4. I'm afraid this is the only way to solve it.[/color]
谈判正处于关键时刻,但对方对你的最佳方案尚犹豫不决,此时你可以明白地指出:"I'm afraid this is the only viable option."。
"viable"意思是‘可行的’;"option"是‘选择’; "I'm afraid"为‘我恐怕’--这样的开头语会使表达否定意味的语气显得婉转。这句话虽然听起来很客气,但却明白地坚持自己所提出的方案是彼此唯一的选择,并暗示对方此方案如果被驳回,自己有可能会因此调头而去。
[table=311][tr][td=1,1,13][/td][td=1,1,70][align=center][b]特别提示[/b][/align][/td][td=1,1,181][/td][td=1,1,47] [/td][/tr][/table] Robert面对Pierre这样强势的客户时,常常会遭遇对方持异议的情况。而Robert除了力陈公司优点、分析情势外,还得用点技巧,才使得Pierre不能一味地反对。以下为您分析 Robert 如何化解 Pierre 的反对声浪;又如何谈论竞争同业的情势:
A. 如何面对反对意见
谈判时平铺直叙的说法通常不如反问句来得出奇制胜。例如文中Robert不说"We shouldn't fight over the same turf.",而说"You don't want to fight over the same turf, do you?",就是要逼Pierre亲口说"No"。在此情况下Pierre就不得不退一步,耐心听完Robert的话。这也是一种‘以子之矛,攻子之盾’的技巧。
B. 认可竞争对手的实力
一般总以为在客户面前提到竞争对手时,不能‘长他人志气,灭自己威风’;可是诚实却往往是更有利的,您不妨说:"Our competitors are good, but we're a little better."--这种说法不但表现出自己的风度,还可试探客户对同行的看法。接下来可请客户谈谈竞争者有哪些优势,从中发掘出己方值得改进之处。
[/size] 收藏要回帖是我等的“美德”,又是我,谢谢楼主!:lol
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